Moscow State Institute of International Relations
(MGIMO-University)

B.A. in Government and International Affairs
School of Government and International Affairs

Alexander Shishkin Department of Philosophy

The Basics of Philosophy (Philosophy)
Tutorials

Section 3. Theocentric Philosophy: Western Medieval Philosophy.

 

Topic 3.2. God, Nature, and Reason: Scholastic Philosophy.

 

Summary:

Faith and Reason. The existence of God. The problem of universals: nominalism, realism, conceptualism.

 

Compulsory readings:

·       Biryukov Nikolai. The Basics of Philosophy: A Multimedia Manual. – Lecture 9. Western Medieval Philosophy (MGIMO-University Publishing House, 2016) (MGIMO Books for International Students), pp. 158‑177; see also Internet resources.

·       Kenny Anthony. A New History of Western Philosophy. – Vol. II. Medieval Philosophy. [Ch.] 1‑2 (Oxford: Clarendon Press / New York: Oxford University Press, 2005), pp. 33‑114; see also Internet resources.

Further readings:

·       Anselm of Canterbury. Proslogion, including Gaunilo’s Objections and Anselm’s Replies (translated by Matthew D. Walz) (St. Augustines Press; 2013); also: Anselm. Proslogion: With the Replies of Gaunilo and Anselm (translated by Thomas Williams) (Indianapolis: Hackett, 1995); see also Internet resources.

·       Copleston Frederick. A History of Philosophy. – Vol. 2: Medieval Philosophy. From Augustine to Duns Scotus. – Ch. XIV‑XV, XXXII, XXXIV (New York et al.: Doubleday, 1993), pp. 136‑165, 312‑323, 336‑346.

·       Davies Brian. Thomas Aquinas, in: Marenbon John (ed.). Routledge History of Philosophy. – Vol. III: Medieval Philosophy. – Ch. 11 (London & New York: Routledge, 1998), pp. 241‑266.

·       King Peter. Boethius’s Anti-realist Arguments, in: Allen James et al. (eds.). Oxford Studies in Ancient Philosophy. – Vol. XL: Summer 2011 (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2011), pp. 381‑400; see also Internet resources.

·       Lim Kevjn. God’s Knowledge of Particulars: Avicenna, Maimonides, and Gersonides; in: Journal of Islamic Philosophy, Vol. 5 (2009), pp. 75-98; see also Internet resources.

·       Russell Bertrand. A History of Western Philosophy. – Book II, Ch. XI, § 4, XIII (New York et al.: Simon and Schuster, n/y), pp. 435‑441, 452‑463; see also Internet resources.

·       Russell Bertrand. The Problems of Philosophy. – Ch. IX-X (New York: Cosimo Classics, 2007), pp. 65-79; see also Internet resources.

·       Spade Vincent Paul (ed.). Five Texts on the Mediaeval Problem of Universals: Porphyry, Boethius, Abelard, Duns Scotus, Ockham (Indianapolis: Hackett, 1994).

·       Windelband Wilhelm. A History of Philosophy (authorised translation by James H. Tufts). – §§ 23‑24, 26 (Adamant, 2006), pp. 287‑309, 328‑337; see also Internet resources.

Internet resources:

·       Anselm of Canterbury. Proslogion (translated by David Burr). – Ch. 1‑4; Gaunilo. How Someone Writing on Behalf of the Fool Might Reply to All This; Anselm’s Reply to Gaunilo; http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/source/anselm.asp.

·       Biryukov Nikolai. The Basics of Philosophy. – Lecture 9. Western Medieval Philosophy; http://ed.mgimo.ru/course/view.php?id=81.

·       Boethius Anicius Manlius Severinus. Commentary on Porphyry’s Isagoge  (translated by G. MacDonald Ross). – Book 1; http://ru.scribd.com/doc/75461379/Boethius-Commentary-on-Porphyry-Tr-G-MacDonald-Ross (access to registered readers only).

·       Boethius Anicius Manlius Severinus. Commentary on Porphyry’s Isagoge. – Book 1 (excerpts), in: Spade Vincent Paul (ed.). Five Texts on the Mediaeval Problem of Universals: Porphyry, Boethius, Abelard, Duns Scotus, Ockham; http://books.google.ru/books?id=FZ0lGvQr_H8C&pg=PR5&hl=ru&source=gbs_selected_pages&cad=3#v=onepage&q&f=false.

·       Kenny Anthony. A New History of Western Philosophy [e-book]. – Part 2. Medieval Philosophy. [Ch.] 1‑2 (Oxford: Clarendon Press / Oxford University Press; 2010), pp. 284‑343; available from: eBook Academic Collection (EBSCOhost).

·       Kilcullen R. J. Boethius on Porphyry; http://antology.rchgi.spb.ru/Boethius/Ad_Porphirium_Comment.eng.html.

·       King Peter. Boethius’s Anti-realist Arguments; http://individual.utoronto.ca/pking/articles/BAR.pdf.

·       Klima Gyula. The Medieval Problem of Universals, in: Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy; http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/universals-medieval/.

·       Lim Kevjn. God’s Knowledge of Particulars:Avicenna, Maimonides, and Gersonides; in: Journal of Islamic Philosophy, Vol. 5 (2009), pp. 75-98; https://www.academia.edu/4892789/Gods_Knowledge_of_Particulars_Avicenna_Maimonides_and_Gersonides_-_Journal_of_Islamic_Philosophy_-_Kevjn_Lim.

·       Marenbon John. Anicius Manlius Severinus Boethius, in: Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy; http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/boethius/.

·       McInerny Ralph and O’Callaghan John. Saint Thomas Aquinas, in: Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy; http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/aquinas/.

·       Oppy Graham. Ontological Arguments, in: Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy; http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/ontological-arguments/.

·       Ratzsch Del. Teleological Arguments for God’s Existence, in: Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy; http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/teleological-arguments/.

·       Reichenbach Bruce. Cosmological Argument, in: Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Spring 2021 Edition); http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/cosmological-argument/.

·       Rodriguez-Pereyra Gonzalo. Nominalism in Metaphysics, in: Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy; https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/nominalism-metaphysics/.

·       Russell Bertrand. A History of Western Philosophy. – Book II, Ch. XIII; http://archive.org/stream/westernphilosoph035502mbp#page/n455/mode/2up; http://archive.org/stream/westernphilosoph035502mbp#page/n473/mode/2up.

·       Russell Bertrand. The Problems of Philosophy. – Ch. IX-X; https://www.gutenberg.org/files/5827/5827-h/5827-h.htm.

·       Spade Paul Vincent. Boethius against Universals: The Arguments in the Second Commentary on Porphyry;/ http://pvspade.com/Logic/docs/boethius.pdf; or: http://www.pvspade.com/Logic/docs/boethius.pdf.

·       Taliaferro Charles. Philosophy of Religion. – Ch. 4.2: God’s Existence, in: Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy; http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/philosophy-religion/#GodExi.

·       Williams Thomas. Saint Anselm, in: Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy; http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/anselm/.

·       Windelband Wilhelm. A History of Philosophy (authorised translation by James H. Tufts). – §§ 23‑24, 26; http://archive.org/stream/historyofphiloso007974mbp#page/n309/mode/2up; http://archive.org/stream/historyofphiloso007974mbp#page/n325/mode/2up; http://archive.org/stream/historyofphiloso007974mbp#page/n353/mode/2up.

 

Review Literature to Section 3.

 

Compulsory readings:

·       Kenny Anthony. A New History of Western Philosophy. – Vol. II. Medieval Philosophy. [Ch.] 3‑9 (Oxford: Clarendon Press / New York: Oxford University Press, 2006), pp. 116‑312; see also Internet resources.

Internet resources:

·       Kenny Anthony. A New History of Western Philosophy [e-book]. – Part 2. Medieval Philosophy. [Ch.] 3‑9 (Oxford: Clarendon Press / Oxford University Press; 2010), pp. 344‑499; available from: eBook Academic Collection (EBSCOhost).

 

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